Chinese Physics C

2025-7 Contents

2025, 49(7): 1-3.

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Abstract:

Weak magnetic effect in quark-gluon plasma and local spin polarization

Jing-An Sun, Li Yan

2025, 49(7): 071001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adc120

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Abstract:
We propose the weak magnetic effect, which emerges as the dissipative correction to the quark phase space distribution function in quark-gluon plasma close to local thermal equilibrium, as a novel contribution to the observed Lambda hyperon local spin polarization. A finite field strength that is consistent with previous estimates of the magnetic field in heavy-ion collisions can be used to xplain the experimentally observed Lambda local spin polarization through all centrality classes. Moreover, the weak magnetic effect plays an unambiguous role in the ordering between the second-order and third-order modulations of experimental Lambda local spin polarization.

Extracting the neutron skin thickness of ¹²⁴Sn from the ¹²C + ¹²⁴Sn elastic scattering angular distribution

Zhi-Cheng Zhang, Zhi-Hong Li, Ge-Xing Li, Chen Chen, Na Song, Chao Dong, Jun-Wen Tian, Jia-Ying-Hao Li

2025, 49(7): 071002. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adcc8f

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Abstract:
The angular distribution of elastic scattering is highly sensitive to the surface region of the nucleus, making it a powerful tool for measuring the neutron skin thickness. Utilizing the CDM3Y6 double-folding potential, we extracted the neutron skin thickness of

\begin{document}$ ^{124} $\end{document}

Sn from the

\begin{document}$ ^{12} $\end{document}

C +

\begin{document}$ ^{124} $\end{document}

Sn elastic scattering angular distribution, obtaining values of

\begin{document}$ 0.168_{\text{−}0.019}^{+0.025} $\end{document}

fm (SLy4) and

\begin{document}$ 0.177 \pm 0.022 $\end{document}

fm (SLy7). These results are consistent with measurements from various other methods. Furthermore, through correlation analysis between the neutron skin thickness and nuclear symmetry energy slope parameter L, we determined the symmetry energy slope coefficients to be

\begin{document}$ L = 39.0_{\text{−}16.5}^{+20.8} $\end{document}

MeV (SLy4) and

\begin{document}$L = 46.1 \pm 18.7$\end{document}

MeV (SLy7) based on the scattering data. These findings validate existing theoretical models and provide valuable insights for further studies on neutron stars and nuclear matter properties.

Search for Cabibbo-suppressed decays ${\boldsymbol\Lambda_{\boldsymbol c}^{\bf +} }$ → Σ⁰K⁺π⁰ and $ {\boldsymbol\Lambda_{\boldsymbol c}^{\bf +} }$ → Σ⁰K⁺π⁺π⁻

M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson, X. C. Ai, R. Aliberti, A. Amoroso, Q. An, Y. Bai, O. Bakina, Y. Ban, H.-R. Bao, V. Batozskaya, K. Begzsuren, N. Berger, M. Berlowski, M. Bertani, D. Bettoni, F. Bianchi, E. Bianco, A. Bortone, I. Boyko, R. A. Briere, A. Brueggemann, H. Cai, M. H. Cai, X. Cai, A. Calcaterra, G. F. Cao, N. Cao, S. A. Cetin, X. Y. Chai, J. F. Chang, G. R. Che, Y. Z. Che, G. Chelkov, C. Chen, C. H. Chen, Chao Chen, G. Chen, H. S. Chen, H. Y. Chen, M. L. Chen, S. J. Chen, S. L. Chen, S. M. Chen, T. Chen, X. R. Chen, X. T. Chen, Y. B. Chen, Y. Q. Chen, Z. J. Chen, Z. K. Chen, S. K. Choi, X. Chu, G. Cibinetto, F. Cossio, J. J. Cui, H. L. Dai, J. P. Dai, A. Dbeyssi, R. E. de Boer, D. Dedovich, C. Q. Deng, Z. Y. Deng, A. Denig, I. Denysenko, M. Destefanis, F. De Mori, B. Ding, X. X. Ding, Y. Ding, Y. X. Ding, J. Dong, L. Y. Dong, M. Y. Dong, X. Dong, M. C. Du, S. X. Du, Y. Y. Duan, Z. H. Duan, P. Egorov, G. F. Fan, J. J. Fan, Y. H. Fan, J. Fang, S. S. Fang, W. X. Fang, Y. Q. Fang, R. Farinelli,

2025, 49(7): 073001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adc88d

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Abstract:
Utilizing 4.5

\begin{document}$ \text{fb}^{-1} $\end{document}

of

\begin{document}$ e^+e^- $\end{document}

annihilation data collected at center-of-mass energies ranging from 4599.53 MeV to 4698.82 MeV by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we searched for singly Cabibbo-suppressed hadronic decays

\begin{document}$ \Lambda_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{0} K^{+}\pi^{0} $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ \Lambda_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{0}K^{+} \pi^+ \pi^- $\end{document}

with a single-tag method. No significant signals were observed for both decays. The upper limits on the branching fractions at the 90% confidence level were determined to be

\begin{document}$ 5.0\times 10^{-4} $\end{document}

for

\begin{document}$ \Lambda_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{0} K^{+}\pi^{0} $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ 6.5\times 10^{-4} $\end{document}

for

\begin{document}$ \Lambda_c^{+}\to\Sigma^0K^{+}\pi^{+}\pi^{-} $\end{document}

.

M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson, X. C. Ai, R. Aliberti, A. Amoroso, Q. An, Y. Bai, O. Bakina, Y. Ban, H.-R. Bao, V. Batozskaya, K. Begzsuren, N. Berger, M. Berlowski, M. Bertani, D. Bettoni, F. Bianchi, E. Bianco, A. Bortone, I. Boyko, R. A. Briere, A. Brueggemann, H. Cai, M. H. Cai, X. Cai, A. Calcaterra, G. F. Cao, N. Cao, S. A. Cetin, X. Y. Chai, J. F. Chang, G. R. Che, Y. Z. Che, G. Chelkov, C. Chen, C. H. Chen, Chao Chen, G. Chen, H. S. Chen, H. Y. Chen, M. L. Chen, S. J. Chen, S. L. Chen, S. M. Chen, T. Chen, X. R. Chen, X. T. Chen, Y. B. Chen, Y. Q. Chen, Z. J. Chen, Z. K. Chen, S. K. Choi, X. Chu, G. Cibinetto, F. Cossio, J. J. Cui, H. L. Dai, J. P. Dai, A. Dbeyssi, R. E. de Boer, D. Dedovich, C. Q. Deng, Z. Y. Deng, A. Denig, I. Denysenko, M. Destefanis, F. De Mori, B. Ding, X. X. Ding, Y. Ding, Y. Ding, Y. X. Ding, J. Dong, L. Y. Dong, M. Y. Dong, X. Dong, M. C. Du, S. X. Du, Y. Y. Duan, Z. H. Duan, P. Egorov, G. F. Fan, J. J. Fan, Y. H. Fan, J. Fang, J. Fang, S. S. Fang, W. X. Fang, Y. Q. Fang, R. Farinelli, L. Fava, F. Feldbauer, G. Felici, C. Q. Feng, J. H. Feng, Y. T. Feng, M. Fritsch, C. D. Fu, J. L. Fu, Y. W. Fu, H. Gao, X. B. Gao, Y. N. Gao, Y. N. Gao, Y. Y. Gao, Yang Gao, S. Garbolino, I. Garzia, P. T. Ge, Z. W. Ge, C. Geng, E. M. Gersabeck, A. Gilman, K. Goetzen, L. Gong, W. X. Gong, W. Gradl, S. Gramigna, M. Greco, M. H. Gu, Y. T. Gu, C. Y. Guan, A. Q. Guo, L. B. Guo, M. J. Guo, R. P. Guo, Y. P. Guo, A. Guskov, J. Gutierrez, K. L. Han, T. T. Han, F. Hanisch, K. D. Hao, X. Q. Hao, F. A. Harris, K. K. He, K. L. He, F. H. Heinsius, C. H. Heinz, Y. K. Heng, C. Herold, T. Holtmann, P. C. Hong, G. Y. Hou, X. T. Hou, Y. R. Hou, Z. L. Hou, B. Y. Hu, H. M. Hu, J. F. Hu, Q. P. Hu, S. L. Hu, T. Hu, Y. Hu, Z. M. Hu, G. S. Huang, K. X. Huang, L. Q. Huang, P. Huang, X. T. Huang, Y. P. Huang, Y. S. Huang, T. Hussain, N. Hüsken, N. in der Wiesche, J. Jackson, S. Janchiv, Q. Ji, Q. P. Ji, W. Ji, X. B. Ji, X. L. Ji, Y. Y. Ji, Z. K. Jia, D. Jiang, H. B. Jiang, P. C. Jiang, S. J. Jiang, T. J. Jiang, X. S. Jiang, Y. Jiang, J. B. Jiao, J. K. Jiao, Z. Jiao, S. Jin, Y. Jin, M. Q. Jing, X. M. Jing, T. Johansson, S. Kabana, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, X. L. Kang, X. S. Kang, M. Kavatsyuk, B. C. Ke, V. Khachatryan, A. Khoukaz, R. Kiuchi, O. B. Kolcu, B. Kopf, M. Kuessner, X. Kui, N. Kumar, A. Kupsc, W. Kühn, Q. Lan, W. N. Lan, T. T. Lei, Z. H. Lei, M. Lellmann, T. Lenz, C. Li, C. Li, C. H. Li, C. K. Li, Cheng Li, D. M. Li, F. Li, G. Li, H. B. Li, H. J. Li, H. N. Li, Hui Li, J. R. Li, J. S. Li, K. Li, K. L. Li, K. L. Li, L. J. Li, Lei Li, M. H. Li, M. R. Li, P. L. Li, P. R. Li, Q. M. Li, Q. X. Li, R. Li, T. Li, T. Y. Li, W. D. Li, W. G. Li, X. Li, X. H. Li, X. L. Li, X. Y. Li, X. Z. Li, Y. Li, Y. G. Li, Z. J. Li, Z. Y. Li, C. Liang, H. Liang, Y. F. Liang, Y. T. Liang, G. R. Liao, L. B. Liao, M. H. Liao, Y. P. Liao, J. Libby, A. Limphirat, C. C. Lin, C. X. Lin, D. X. Lin, L. Q. Lin, T. Lin, B. J. Liu, B. X. Liu, C. Liu, C. X. Liu, F. Liu, F. H. Liu, Feng Liu, G. M. Liu, H. Liu, H. B. Liu, H. H. Liu, H. M. Liu, Huihui Liu, J. B. Liu, J. J. Liu, K. Liu, K. Liu, K. Y. Liu, Ke Liu, L. Liu, L. C. Liu, Lu Liu, M. H. Liu, P. L. Liu, Q. Liu, S. B. Liu, T. Liu, W. K. Liu, W. M. Liu, W. T. Liu, X. Liu, X. Liu, X. Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. B. Liu, Z. A. Liu, Z. D. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, X. C. Lou, F. X. Lu, H. J. Lu, J. G. Lu, Y. Lu, Y. H. Lu, Y. P. Lu, Z. H. Lu, C. L. Luo, J. R. Luo, J. S. Luo, M. X. Luo, T. Luo, X. L. Luo, X. R. Lyu, Y. F. Lyu, Y. H. Lyu, F. C. Ma, H. Ma, H. L. Ma, J. L. Ma, L. L. Ma, L. R. Ma, Q. M. Ma, R. Q. Ma, R. Y. Ma, T. Ma, X. T. Ma, X. Y. Ma, Y. M. Ma, F. E. Maas, I. MacKay, M. Maggiora, S. Malde, Y. J. Mao, Z. P. Mao, S. Marcello, Y. H. Meng, Z. X. Meng, J. G. Messchendorp, G. Mezzadri, H. Miao, T. J. Min, R. E. Mitchell, X. H. Mo, B. Moses, N. Yu. Muchnoi, J. Muskalla, Y. Nefedov, F. Nerling, L. S. Nie, I. B. Nikolaev, Z. Ning, S. Nisar, Q. L. Niu, S. L. Olsen, Q. Ouyang, S. Pacetti, X. Pan, Y. Pan, A. Pathak, Y. P. Pei, M. Pelizaeus, H. P. Peng, Y. Y. Peng, K. Peters, J. L. Ping, R. G. Ping, S. Plura, V. Prasad, F. Z. Qi, H. R. Qi, M. Qi, S. Qian, W. B. Qian, C. F. Qiao, J. H. Qiao, J. J. Qin, J. L. Qin, L. Q. Qin, L. Y. Qin, P. B. Qin, X. P. Qin, X. S. Qin, Z. H. Qin, J. F. Qiu, Z. H. Qu, C. F. Redmer, A. Rivetti, M. Rolo, G. Rong, S. S. Rong, Ch. Rosner, M. Q. Ruan, S. N. Ruan, N. Salone, A. Sarantsev, Y. Schelhaas, K. Schoenning, M. Scodeggio, K. Y. Shan, W. Shan, X. Y. Shan, Z. J. Shang, J. F. Shangguan, L. G. Shao, M. Shao, C. P. Shen, H. F. Shen, W. H. Shen, X. Y. Shen, B. A. Shi, H. Shi, J. L. Shi, J. Y. Shi, S. Y. Shi, X. Shi, H. L. Song, J. J. Song, T. Z. Song, W. M. Song, Y. J. Song, Y. X. Song, S. Sosio, S. Spataro, F. Stieler, S. S Su, Y. J. Su, G. B. Sun, G. X. Sun, H. Sun, H. K. Sun, J. F. Sun, K. Sun, L. Sun, S. S. Sun, T. Sun, Y. C. Sun, Y. H. Sun, Y. J. Sun, Y. Z. Sun, Z. Q. Sun, Z. T. Sun, C. J. Tang, G. Y. Tang, J. Tang, L. F. Tang, M. Tang, Y. A. Tang, L. Y. Tao, M. Tat, J. X. Teng, V. Thoren, J. Y. Tian, W. H. Tian, Y. Tian, Z. F. Tian, I. Uman, B. Wang, B. Wang, Bo Wang, C. Wang, D. Y. Wang, H. J. Wang, J. J. Wang, K. Wang, L. L. Wang, L. W. Wang, M. Wang, M. Wang, N. Y. Wang, S. Wang, S. Wang, T. Wang, T. J. Wang, W. Wang, W. Wang, W. P. Wang, X. Wang, X. F. Wang, X. J. Wang, X. L. Wang, X. N. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. D. Wang, Y. F. Wang, Y. H. Wang, Y. L. Wang, Y. N. Wang, Y. Q. Wang, Yaqian Wang, Yi Wang, Yuan Wang, Z. Wang, Z. L. Wang, Z. Y. Wang, D. H. Wei, F. Weidner, S. P. Wen, Y. R. Wen, U. Wiedner, G. Wilkinson, M. Wolke, C. Wu, J. F. Wu, L. H. Wu, L. J. Wu, Lianjie Wu, S. G. Wu, S. M. Wu, X. Wu, X. H. Wu, Y. J. Wu, Z. Wu, L. Xia, X. M. Xian, B. H. Xiang, T. Xiang, D. Xiao, G. Y. Xiao, H. Xiao, Y. L. Xiao, Z. J. Xiao, C. Xie, K. J. Xie, X. H. Xie, Y. Xie, Y. G. Xie, Y. H. Xie, Z. P. Xie, T. Y. Xing, C. F. Xu, C. J. Xu, G. F. Xu, M. Xu, Q. J. Xu, Q. N. Xu, W. L. Xu, X. P. Xu, Y. Xu, Y. C. Xu, Z. S. Xu, F. Yan, H. Y. Yan, L. Yan, W. B. Yan, W. C. Yan, W. P. Yan, X. Q. Yan, H. J. Yang, H. L. Yang, H. X. Yang, J. H. Yang, R. J. Yang, T. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. F. Yang, Y. Q. Yang, Y. X. Yang, Y. Z. Yang, M. Ye, M. H. Ye, Junhao Yin, Z. Y. You, B. X. Yu, C. X. Yu, G. Yu, J. S. Yu, M. C. Yu, T. Yu, X. D. Yu, Y. C. Yu, C. Z. Yuan, H. Yuan, J. Yuan, J. Yuan, L. Yuan, S. C. Yuan, Y. Yuan, Z. Y. Yuan, C. X. Yue, Ying Yue, A. A. Zafar, S. H. Zeng, X. Zeng, Y. Zeng, Y. J. Zeng, Y. J. Zeng, X. Y. Zhai, Y. H. Zhan, A. Q. Zhang, B. L. Zhang, B. X. Zhang, D. H. Zhang, G. Y. Zhang, G. Y. Zhang, H. Zhang, H. Zhang, H. C. Zhang, H. H. Zhang, H. Q. Zhang, H. R. Zhang, H. Y. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. J. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, J. Q. Zhang, J. S. Zhang, J. W. Zhang, J. X. Zhang, J. Y. Zhang, J. Z. Zhang, Jianyu Zhang, L. M. Zhang, Lei Zhang, N. Zhang, P. Zhang, Q. Zhang, Q. Y. Zhang, R. Y. Zhang, S. H. Zhang, Shulei Zhang, X. M. Zhang, X. Y Zhang, X. Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. T. Zhang, Y. H. Zhang, Y. M. Zhang, Z. D. Zhang, Z. H. Zhang, Z. L. Zhang, Z. L. Zhang, Z. X. Zhang, Z. Y. Zhang, Z. Y. Zhang, Z. Z. Zhang, Zh. Zh. Zhang, G. Zhao, J. Y. Zhao, J. Z. Zhao, L. Zhao, Lei Zhao, M. G. Zhao, N. Zhao, R. P. Zhao, S. J. Zhao, Y. B. Zhao, Y. L. Zhao, Y. X. Zhao, Z. G. Zhao, A. Zhemchugov, B. Zheng, B. M. Zheng, J. P. Zheng, W. J. Zheng, X. R. Zheng, Y. H. Zheng, B. Zhong, X. Zhong, H. Zhou, J. Y. Zhou, S. Zhou, X. Zhou, X. K. Zhou, X. R. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, Y. Z. Zhou, Z. C. Zhou, A. N. Zhu, J. Zhu, K. Zhu, K. J. Zhu, K. S. Zhu, L. Zhu, L. X. Zhu, S. H. Zhu, T. J. Zhu, W. D. Zhu, W. J. Zhu, W. Z. Zhu, Y. C. Zhu, Z. A. Zhu, X. Y. Zhuang, J. H. Zou, J. Zu and (BESIII Collaboration). Search for the Cabibbo-suppressed decays Λ_c⁺ → Σ⁰K⁺π⁰ and Λ_c⁺ → Σ⁰K⁺π⁺π⁻[J]. Chinese Physics C. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adc88d.

New Z' boson of the bestest little Higgs model as a portal to signatures of Higgs bosons h₀ and H₀ at the future muon collider

J. M. Martínez-Martínez, A. Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, E. Cruz-Albaro, M. A. Hernández-Ruíz

2025, 49(7): 073101. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adcc8a

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Abstract:
We study the new

\begin{document}$Z'$\end{document}

boson as a portal for the production of Higgs bosons

\begin{document}$h_0$\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$H_0$\end{document}

predicted by the Bestest Little Higgs Model through Higgs-strahlung processes

\begin{document}$\mu^+\mu^- \to (Z, Z') \to Zh_0, ZH_0$\end{document}

. We focus on the resonant and nonresonant effects of the

\begin{document}$Zh_0, ZH_0$\end{document}

signals. In our analysis, we consider the center-of-mass energies of

\begin{document}$\sqrt{s}=3, 4, 6, 10, 30$\end{document}

TeV and integrated luminosities of

\begin{document}${\cal{L}}=2, 4, 6, 10, 30$\end{document}

\begin{document}${ {\rm{ab}}^{-1}}$\end{document}

projected for a future muon collider. The possibility of performing precision measurements for Higgs bosons

\begin{document}$h_0$\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$H_0$\end{document}

is very promising for the future muon collider. Furthermore, our results may be useful to the High Energy Physics community. Complementarily, we generate and provide the Feynman rules necessary for studying processes

\begin{document}$\mu^+\mu^- \to (Z, Z') \to Zh_0, ZH_0$\end{document}

.

Predictions for bottomonium from a relativistic screened potential model

Chaitanya Anil Bokade, Azhothkaran Bhaghyesh

2025, 49(7): 073102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adc084

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Abstract:
This work conducts a comprehensive analysis of the mass spectra and decay properties of bottomonium states using a relativistic screened potential model. The mass spectrum, decay constants,

\begin{document}$ E1 $\end{document}

transitions,

\begin{document}$ M1 $\end{document}

transitions, and annihilation decay widths are evaluated. The interpretation of

\begin{document}$ \Upsilon(10355) $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ \Upsilon(10580) $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ \Upsilon(10860) $\end{document}

, and

\begin{document}$ \Upsilon(11020) $\end{document}

as

\begin{document}$ S-D $\end{document}

mixed bottomonium states are analysed. The

\begin{document}$ \Upsilon(10355) $\end{document}

state is considered to be

\begin{document}$ 3S-2D $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ \Upsilon(10580) $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ \Upsilon(10753) $\end{document}

are considered to be

\begin{document}$ 4S-3D $\end{document}

mixed states, and the

\begin{document}$ \Upsilon(10860) $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ \Upsilon(11020) $\end{document}

are considered to be

\begin{document}$ 5S-4D $\end{document}

mixed states.

Nature of X(3872) from recent BESIII data: considering the universal feature of an S-wave threshold resonance

Xian-Wei Kang, Jin-Zhe Zhang, Xin-Heng Guo

2025, 49(7): 073103. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adcb29

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Abstract:
We analyze the recent data from the BESIII collaboration on the

\begin{document}$ X(3872) $\end{document}

state in the

\begin{document}$ J/\psi\pi^+\pi^- $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ D^0\bar{D}^0\pi^0 $\end{document}

decay channels. The quantum number and mass of the

\begin{document}$ X(3872) $\end{document}

state allow us to exploit the universal feature of the very near-threshold

\begin{document}$ D\bar D^* $\end{document}

scattering in the S wave. The analysis of

\begin{document}$ J/\psi\pi^+\pi^- $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ D^0\bar{D}^0\pi^0 $\end{document}

data separately, as well as the combined analysis of these data together, all support the conclusion that

\begin{document}$ X(3872) $\end{document}

is an extremely weakly bound charm meson molecule.

Exploring vector dark matter via effective interactions

Hrishabh Bharadwaj

2025, 49(7): 073104. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/add5c5

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Abstract:
We explore the properties of vector dark matter (DM) particles that predominantly interact with Standard Model (SM) electroweak gauge bosons using an effective field theory approach. The study emphasizes effective contact interactions, invariant under the SM gauge group, between vector DM and SM-neutral electroweak gauge bosons. Focusing on interaction terms up to dimension-eight, we establish constraints on the model parameters based on the observed DM relic density and indirect detection signals. We also examine the prospects for dark matter-nucleon scattering in direct detection experiments. In addition, we analyze the sensitivity of low-energy LEP data to the pair production of light DM particles (with masses up to 80 GeV). Finally, we assess the potential of the proposed International Linear Collider to probe these effective operators through the detection of DM particles produced in association with mono-photons.

Experimental and theoretical research of photoneutron reactions in the ¹⁸¹Ta nucleus

J.H. Khushvaktov, M.A. Demichev, D.L. Demin, S.A. Evseev, M.I. Gostkin, V.V. Kobets, D.V. Ponomarev, F.A. Rasulova, S.V. Rozov, E.T. Ruziev, A.A. Solnyshkin, T.N. Tran, E.A. Yakushev

2025, 49(7): 074001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adc7e5

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Abstract:
Bremsstrahlung fluxes for irradiating tantalum samples were formed by irradiating a tungsten converter with an electron beam having energy up to 130 MeV. The relative yields and flux-averaged cross-sections of multinucleon photonuclear reactions that emit up to nine neutrons in ¹⁸¹Ta nuclei were determined. Monte Carlo simulations for studying the yields of photonuclear reactions were performed using Geant4 and TALYS-2.0 codes. The obtained experimental results were compared with available literature data and calculated results. The comparison showed that the values of the relative reaction yield and flux-averaged cross-section coincide with the literature data, considering the different geometries of the experiments. The calculated results coincide with the experimental ones only for reactions that emit up to five neutrons from the nucleus.

In-ring nuclear reaction induced by light-ions at HIRFL-CSR

Guo Qiang Zhang, Liu Yuan Li, Xiao Lin Tu, Yu Huang, Jing Tao Zhang, Qi Gao, and CSRe cooperation group

2025, 49(7): 074002. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adc122

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Abstract:
In-ring nuclear reactions induced by light-ions, which are characterized by low-momentum sensitivity and low background, play an important role in nuclear structure and astrophysics investigations. Recently, the in-ring proton-nucleus elastic scattering measurements at low momentum transfer based on the internal hydrogen-gas-jet target have been successfully performed at the Cooler Storage Ring of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL-CSR). In this proceeding, we present the progress of matter radius measurements using the small-angle differential cross sections of proton-nucleus elastic scattering at HIRFL-CSR.

Electron and stochastic beam cooling for intensive heavy ion beams at NICA complex: Experiments and plans

E. Syresin, Y. Tamashevich, V. Lebedev, A. Butenko, I. Gorelyshev, I. Meshkov, K. Osipov, Yu. Prokofichev, V. Shpakov, S. Semenov, A. Sergeev, A. Sidorin, R. Timonin, G. Trubnikov, M. Bryzgunov, A. Bubley, V. Panasyuk, V. Parkhomchuk, V. Reva

2025, 49(7): 074003. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adbad0

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Abstract:
The Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA), currently under construction at JINR, is expected to conduct its first beam tests in the second half of 2025. The NICA project is designed to provide colliding beams for investigating heavy stripped ion collisions at energies of 4.5 GeV/u. The NICA accelerator complex comprises several components: the operational heavy ion linac HILAC with an energy of 3.2 MeV/u, superconducting Booster synchrotron with a maximum energy of 600 MeV/u, superconducting Nuclotron synchrotron capable of accelerating gold ions to 3.9 GeV/u, and two storage rings with two interaction points currently under installation. The system includes two electron cooling units—one in the Booster synchrotron with a maximum electron energy of 60 keV, and another in the Collider with two electron beams, each with a maximum energy of 2.5 MeV. Additionally, two stochastic cooling systems are integrated into the setup. The status of the NICA accelerator complex, including its cooling systems, is presented. Experimental results from electron cooling studies conducted during the commissioning of the injection complex are reported. Plans for the further development and application of the electron and stochastic cooling systems are also described.

Transfer reaction products in the ⁴⁰Ar + ²³²Th reaction

Fang Guan, Zhi-Yuan Zhang, Zai-Guo Gan, Ming-Ming Zhang, Jian-Guo Wang, Ming-Hui Huang, Long Ma, Hua-Bin Yang, Chun-Li Yang, Yun-Hua Qiang, Xiao-Lei Wu, Yu-Lin Tian, Jun-Ying Wang, Yong-Sheng Wang, Su-Yang Xu, Zhen Zhao, Xin-Yuan Huang, Zong-Chi Li, Gang Xie, Lin Zhu, Lu-Chong Sun, Hao Zhou, Xu Zhang, Jia-Hui Zheng, Hou-Bing Zhou

2025, 49(7): 074004. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adcb96

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Abstract:
The distribution of nuclei produced in the ⁴⁰Ar + ²³²Th reaction has been studied at the gas-filled recoil separator (SHANS2) at the China Accelerator Facility for Superheavy Elements (CAFE2). The bombardment was carried out at a beam energy of 205 MeV with the detection system installed at the focal plane. Forty-four isotopes heavier than ²⁰⁸Pb were observed. These isotopes were identified as the transfer reaction (or target-like) products, and their relative cross-sections were extracted. Based on the mass distribution of these products, we exclude the possibility that they were produced by fusion-fission reactions; thus, they may originate from quasi-fission of the ⁴⁰Ar + ²³²Th reaction.

Software defined radio for on-line interaction with beam processes in the heavy ion storage ring ESR

M. S. Sanjari, Yu. A. Litvinov, S. Litvinov, B. Peter, R. J. Chen, D. Dmytriiev, C. Forconi, J. Glorius, G. W. Hudson-Chang, H. Hüther, E. B. Menz, Z. Nunns, T. Ohnishi, Zs. Podolyak, J. Stadlmann, Th. Stöhlker, Q. Wang, T. Yamaguchi, Y. Yamaguchi, X. Yan, A. Yano, Y. Yu

2025, 49(7): 074005. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adcc01

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Abstract:
The application of software defined radio in on-line interactions with the beam processes of the heavy ion storage ring is presented. We discusse how this new technique can enhance the beam time efficiency and create new measurement possibilities. A specific example to halt the accelerator running if a rare stored particle is identified on-line is discussed.

Opportunities and challenges of transfer reactions at HIRFL-CSRe

W. W. Wan, S. Q. Liang, J. L. Lou, D. Y. Pang, X. L. Tu, Y. H. Zhang, G. de Angelis, G. Kaminski, Q. T. Li, H. Y. Ge, H. Y. Zhu, B. L. Xia

2025, 49(7): 074006. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/add099

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Abstract:
The opportunities and challenges of performing transfer reactions in inverse kinematics using the ^16,18O beams at the experimental Cooler Storage Ring (CSRe) of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) with the internal gas-jet target are discussed herein. The kinematics, differential cross sections for various transfer reactions using the ^16,18O beam with incident energies of 30 and 100 MeV/nucleon, and the H₂- or D₂-gas-jet targets are compared. The ¹⁶O beam at 100 MeV/nucleon with an intensity of ≥10⁶pps interacting with the H₂-gas-jet target is recommended as the first transfer reaction at HIRFL-CSRe.

Cross sections of the ¹⁴⁸Sm(n,α)¹⁴⁵Nd reaction in the 4.8–5.3 MeV neutron energy range

I. Chuprakov, E. Sansarbayar, Guohui Zhang, Yu.M. Gledenov, G.Khuukhenkhuu, L. Krupa, Jie Liu, Haofan Bai, Cong Xia, Zepeng Wu, Wenkai Ren, D. Berikov, G. Ahmadov, A.K. Bekbayev, B. Mukhametuly, E.S. Korshikov, Y. Arynbek, O. Daulbayev

2025, 49(7): 074007. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/add09a

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Abstract:
The cross sections of the ¹⁴⁸Sm(n,α)¹⁴⁵Nd reaction were measured for the first time at neutron energies ranging from 4.8 to 5.3 MeV. The experiment was carried out on the Van de Graaff accelerator EG–5 at the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. Fast neutrons were produced via the ²H(d,n)³He reaction with a deuterium gas target. A twin gridded ionization chamber was used as the charged particle detector, with back–to–back ¹⁴⁸Sm samples mounted on tantalum backings at the common cathode. The absolute neutron flux was measured using the ²³⁸U₃O₈ sample. The obtained cross section data were compared with those from existing nuclear data libraries and theoretical calculations using the TALYS–1.96 code. The present results for the ¹⁴⁸Sm(n,α)¹⁴⁵Nd reaction are expected to resolve discrepancies among various nuclear evaluation data.

Evidence of the negative-parity linear-chain states in ¹⁶C

Ying Chen, Yan-Lin Ye, Jian-Ling Lou, Zai-Hong Yang, Xiao-Fei Yang, Li-Sheng Yang, Wei-Liang Pu, Kang Wei, Hong-Yu Zhu, Bo-Long Xia, Jia-Xing Han, Jia-Hao Chen, Kai Ma, Dong-Xi Wang, Zi-Yao Hu, Hao-Yu Ge, Wen-Wu Wan, Jia-Wei Bian, Ze-Yu Du, Zhe-Yang Lin, Qi-Te Li, Zhi-Huan Li, Ong-Hooi Jin, Yan-Yun Yang, Shi-Wei Xu, Jun-Bing Ma, Zhen Bai, Kang Wang, Fang-Fang Duan, He-Run Yang, Peng Ma, Xiang-Lun Wei, Tian-Li Qiu

2025, 49(7): 074008. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/add70d

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A new inelastic excitation and cluster-decay experiment was conducted to investigate the negative-parity linear-chain structure in ¹⁶C. The helium and beryllium isotopes emitted from the highly excited states of ¹⁶C and the recoil target deuteron were detected in coincidence. The ¹⁶C excitation-energy spectra associated with different decay paths were reconstructed using the invariant mass method. Owing to the newly reconfigured detector setup, the detection acceptance was extended to a higher excitation-energy range, allowing a number of new resonant states to be observed beyond the previously reported

\begin{document}$ \pi^2\sigma^2 $\end{document}

-bond positive-parity linear-chain band. Based on comparison with the AMD calculations for both resonance energies and relative decay widths, these newly observed states can be tentatively assigned as the

\begin{document}$ 1^- $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ 3^- $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ 5^- $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ 7^- $\end{document}

members of the negative-parity linear-chain molecular rotational band. More experimental studies are expected to directly measure the spins of these states.

Exploring chiral rotation in A ≈ 60 nuclei: Role of residual interactions

G. L. Ding, R. Dong, H. Y. Liu, J. Peng, Q. B. Chen

2025, 49(7): 074101. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adc3fd

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To explore the possible existence of nuclear chirality in the

\begin{document}$ A\approx 60 $\end{document}

mass region, we study the doublet bands built on the configuration

\begin{document}$ \pi f_{7/2}^{-1} \otimes \nu g_{9/2}^{1} $\end{document}

using the particle rotor model (PRM) with residual proton-neutron interactions

\begin{document}$ V_{pn} $\end{document}

for cobalt isotopes. The energy spectra

\begin{document}$ E(I) $\end{document}

, energy difference between the doublet bands

\begin{document}$ \Delta E(I) $\end{document}

, electromagnetic transition probabilities

\begin{document}$ B(M1) $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ B(E2) $\end{document}

, and the energy staggering

\begin{document}$ S(I) $\end{document}

of the doublet bands are calculated by varying the deformation parameters β and γ and moment of inertia

\begin{document}$ \mathscr{J} $\end{document}

. The PRM calculations show that the parameters for the ideal chirality of the configuration

\begin{document}$ \pi f_{7/2}^{-1} \otimes \nu g_{9/2}^{1} $\end{document}

are

\begin{document}$ \beta=0.25 $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ \gamma=34^{\circ} $\end{document}

, and

\begin{document}$\mathscr{J}= $\end{document}

\begin{document}$ 10\; \hbar^2/\rm MeV$\end{document}

. Subsequently, PRM calculations adopting these parameters show that

\begin{document}$ \Delta E(I) $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ S(I) $\end{document}

are sensitive to the residual proton-neutron interactions

\begin{document}$ V_{pn} $\end{document}

. A weaker

\begin{document}$ V_{pn} $\end{document}

is more conducive to the existence of nuclear chirality. Finally, the evolution of the chirality with spin I is illustrated using the probability of the total angular momentum along the principal axes (K distribution) and the orientation with respect to the intrinsic frame

\begin{document}$ \mathscr{P}(\theta,\varphi) $\end{document}

.

Rotation effect of a fissile nucleus (ROT effect) for prompt γ-rays in binary fission of ²³⁵U by polarized neutrons of different energies

D. Berikov, G. Ahmadov, Yu. Kopatch, A. Gagarski, G. Danilyan, I. Chuprakov, F. Ahmadov, K. Mendibayev, S. Nuruyev

2025, 49(7): 074102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adc4ca

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This article describes a series of studies on the effect of the rotation of the fissile ²³⁶U nucleus in the ²³⁵U(n,f) process induced by monochromatic polarized neutrons with energies of 62 meV and 270 meV. The studied effect is expressed as a shift in the anisotropic angular distribution of γ-rays emitted by excited fission fragments by a small angle relative to the deformation axis of the fissile nucleus when the neutron beam polarization direction is reversed. All measurements were performed at the Heinz Mayer-Leibniz research neutron source (FRM II reactor) of the Munich Technical University in Garching on the polarized neutron beam of the POLI instrument. To generalize all results obtained on ROT effects for fission γ-rays, the results of earlier studies by the ITEP group for cold neutrons are re-processed, and the result obtained by the PNPI group for thermal neutrons is also presented.

Study of the true ternary fission of ²⁴⁸Cf isotope in equatorial and collinear geometries

M. R. Pahlavani, M. Saeidibabi

2025, 49(7): 074103. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adc7e4

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This paper presents a comprehensive investigation of the true ternary fission of the

\begin{document}$ ^{248}\text{Cf} $\end{document}

isotope. Using the Three-Cluster Model (

\begin{document}$ \text{TCM} $\end{document}

) based on the

\begin{document}$ \text{WKB} $\end{document}

approximation, detailed calculations were performed for all possible fragment configurations, considering the equatorial and collinear geometries. The fragment charge numbers (Z) were systematically filtered within the range of

\begin{document}$ Z = 20 $\end{document}

to

\begin{document}$ Z = 52 $\end{document}

, and all combinations were examined for three positional arrangements: fragments

\begin{document}$ A_{1} $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ A_{2} $\end{document}

, and

\begin{document}$ A_{3} $\end{document}

occupying the middle position in collinear geometry. For each combination, key quantities were calculated, including driving potential (

\begin{document}${V {\text{-}} Q}$\end{document}

), penetration probability (P), relative yield (Y), decay constant (λ), and half-life (

\begin{document}$ T_{\frac{1}{2}} $\end{document}

). The selection of optimal fragment combinations was based on higher penetration probability or minimum driving potential, ensuring a systematic approach to identifying the most favorable fission configurations. Redundancy from permutations of

\begin{document}$ Z_{1} $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ Z_{2} $\end{document}

, and

\begin{document}$ Z_{3} $\end{document}

was eliminated by treating them equivalently. The results highlight the significant influence of fragment geometry and nuclear structure, particularly shell effects, on the fission dynamics. This work provides new insights into the complex mechanisms of true ternary fission, contributing to the broader understanding of nuclear stability and fragment distributions in such processes. The novelty of this study relative to similar research is the investigation of the effects of fragments permutations, geometries, and neutron emission on the fission process.

Exploring shape (phase) evolution in even-even ^126−136Ba

Jie Yang, Xin Guan, Rong-Xin Nie, Hua-Lei Wang, Feng Pan, Jerry P. Draayer

2025, 49(7): 074104. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adc2da

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In this study, the evolution of nuclear shape and rotational behavior along the yrast line in even-even

\begin{document}$ ^{126-136} {\rm{Ba}}$\end{document}

was systematically investigated using pairing self-consistent Woods-Saxon-Strutinsky calculations combined with the total Routhian surface (TRS) method in the (

\begin{document}$ \beta_2, \gamma, \beta_4 $\end{document}

) deformation space. Empirical laws were applied to evaluate nuclear ground-state properties, revealing a shape evolution from axially deformed to non-axial vibrational configuration in even-even

\begin{document}$ ^{126-136} {\rm{Ba}}$\end{document}

isotopes. Particularly, an extreme γ-unstable shape was predicted in

\begin{document}$ ^{130} {\rm{Ba}}$\end{document}

. The shape transition of the ground state in these nuclei was confirmed by the TRS calculations. In addition, the evolution of the nuclear shape in high spin states with varying rotational axes associated with rotation around the medium, long, and short axes was elucidated from the TRS calculations. This variation was further characterized by the alignment of the

\begin{document}$ \pi(h_{11/2})^2 $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ \nu(h_{11/2})^2 $\end{document}

configurations, highlighting a preference for non-collective oblate/triaxial shapes with

\begin{document}$ \gamma > 0^{\circ} $\end{document}

and collective oblate/triaxial shapes with

\begin{document}$ \gamma < 0^{\circ} $\end{document}

, respectively.

Cluster radioactivity half-lives within deformed Gamow-like model

Ming Li, Dong-Meng Zhang, Lin-Jing Qi, Xi-Jun Wu, Feng Zhong, Xiao-Hua Li

2025, 49(7): 074105. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adc097

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In the present work, based on a Gamow-like model, considering the deformation effect of Coulomb potential, where the effective nuclear radius constant is parameterized, we systematically investigate the cluster radioactivity half-lives of 25 trans-lead nuclei. For comparison, a universal decay law (UDL) proposed by Qi et al. [Phys. Rev. C 80, 044326 (2009)], a new semi-empirical formula for exotic cluster decay proposed by Balasubramaniam et al. [Phys. Rev. C 70, 017301 (2004)], and a scaling law proposed by Horoi [J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 30, 945 (2004)] are also used. The calculated results within the deformed Gamow-like model are in better agreement with the experimental half-lives. The deformation effect is also discussed within both the Gamow-like and deforemed Gamow-like models. Moreover, we extend this model to predict the cluster radioactivity half-lives of 49 nuclei whose decay energies are energetically allowed or observed but not yet quantified in NUBASE2020.

Bound states of ${\boldsymbol\eta, \boldsymbol\eta',{\boldsymbol D}^{\bf 0}}$, ${\bar{{\boldsymbol D}^{\bf 0}}}$, ${{\boldsymbol B}^{\bf 0}}$, ${\bar{{\boldsymbol B}^{\bf 0}}}$, ${\bar{{\boldsymbol K}^{\bf 0}}}$, and ϕ mesons with light and heavy nuclei within the chiral SU(3) model

Arvind Kumar, Amruta Mishra

2025, 49(7): 074106. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adc121

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In this study, we explore the possibilities of the formation of bound states of neutral pseudoscalar mesons

\begin{document}$ \eta, \eta', D^{0} $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ \bar{D^{0}}, B^{0}, \bar{B^{0}} $\end{document}

, and

\begin{document}$ \bar{K^{0}} $\end{document}

and the vector meson ϕ, with the nuclei

\begin{document}$ ^{12} {\rm{C}}$\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ ^{16} {\rm{O}}$\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ ^{40} {\rm{C}}{\rm{a}}$\end{document}

, and

\begin{document}$ ^{208} {\rm{Pb}}$\end{document}

, calculating their binding energy and absorption decay width. To calculate the optical potentials of these mesons in different nuclei under study, we use the chiral

\begin{document}$S U $\end{document}

(3) hadronic mean field model, in which the properties of nucleons in the medium are modified through the scalar isoscalar fields σ and ζ and scalar-isovector field δ. The scalar-isovector field δ accounts for the finite isospin asymmetry of different nuclei having asymmetry in the number of protons and neutrons. The binding energy and absorption decay width of mesons are calculated for the ground state and some possible excited states of the nuclei. In the chiral

\begin{document}$S U$\end{document}

(3) model, the mesons

\begin{document}$\eta,\; D^{0}$\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ \bar{D^{0}}, B^{0}, \bar{B^{0}} $\end{document}

, and

\begin{document}$ \bar{K^{0}} $\end{document}

are observed to have a significant negative mass shift up to nuclear saturation density, which leads to the possibility of bound states at least for ground states and some excited states for heavy nuclei. For the pseudoscalar singlet

\begin{document}$ \eta ' $\end{document}

and vector meson ϕ, the mass shift obtained are found to be small, and bound states are not formed. The present calculations are compared with those of different studies conducted in the field and are useful in understanding the outcomes from different experimental facilities focusing on this area of research.

Relativistic Hartree-Fock model for axial-symmetric nuclei with quadruple and octupole deformations

Yong Peng, Jing Geng, Wen Hui Long

2025, 49(7): 074107. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adc11e

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An axially quadruple-octupole deformed relativistic Hartree-Fock (O-RHF) model with density-dependent meson-nucleon couplings is developed in this study. In this model, the reflection symmetry is not preserved, and the integro-differential Dirac equations are solved by expanding the Dirac spinor on the spherical Dirac Woods-Saxon basis. The reliability of the newly developed O-RHF model is demonstrated by taking the octupole nucleus