Pion transverse-momentum spectrum, elliptic flow, and Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry in a viscous granular source model

Jing Yang; Wei-Ning Zhang; Yan-Yu Ren

doi:10.1088/1674-1137/41/8/084102

Chinese Physics C> 2017, Vol. 41> Issue(8) : 084102 DOI: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/8/084102

Pion transverse-momentum spectrum, elliptic flow, and Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry in a viscous granular source model

1.
School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
2.
School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
3.
Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150006, China
4.
Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150006, China

Abstract
HTML
Reference
Related

PDF

Abstract：
We examine the evolution of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) droplets with viscous hydrodynamics and analyze the pion transverse-momentum spectrum, elliptic flow, and Hanbury-Brown-Twiss (HBT) interferometry in a granular source model consisting of viscous QGP droplets. The shear viscosity of the QGP droplet speeds up and slows down the droplet evolution in the central and peripheral regions of the droplet, respectively. The effect of the bulk viscosity on the evolution is negligible. Although there are viscous effects on the droplet evolution, the pion momentum spectrum and elliptic flow change little for granular sources with and without viscosity. On the other hand, the influence of viscosity on HBT radius R_out is considerable. It makes R_out decrease in the granular source model. We determine the model parameters of granular sources using the experimental data of pion transverse-momentum spectrum, elliptic flow, and HBT radii together, and investigate the effects of viscosity on the model parameters. The results indicate that the granular source model may reproduce the experimental data of pion transverse-momentum spectrum, elliptic flow, and HBT radii in heavy-ion collisions of Au-Au at √^sNN=200 GeV and Pb-Pb at √^sNN=2.76 TeV in different centrality intervals. The viscosity of the droplet leads to an increase in the initial droplet radius and a decrease of the source shell parameter in the granular source model.
- high-energy heavy-ion collisions ,
- pion interferometry ,
- elliptic flow ,
- granular source ,
- viscous hydrodynamics

References

[1]	D. J. Gross, R. D. Pisarski, and L. G. Yaffe, Rev. Mod. Phys., 53:43 (1981)
[2]	I. Arsene et al (BRAHMS collaboration), Nucl. Phys. A, 757:1 (2005)
[3]	B. B. Back et al (PHOBOS collaboration), Nucl. Phys. A, 757:28 (2005)
[4]	J. Adams et al (STAR collaboration), Nucl. Phys. A, 757:102 (2005)
[5]	K. Adcox et al (PHENIX collaboration), Nucl. Phys. A, 757:184 (2005)
[6]	D. H. Rischke, arXiv:nucl-th/9809044
[7]	P. F. Kolb and U. Heinz, arXiv:nucl-th/0305084
[8]	Y. Hama, T. Kodama, O. Socolowski Jr, Braz. J. Phys., 35:24 (2005); arXiv:hep-ph/0407264
[9]	A. Muronga and D. H. Rischke, arXiv:nucl-th/0407114
[10]	R. Baier, P. Romatschke, and U. A. Wiedemann, Phys. Rev. C, 73:064903 (2006)
[11]	U. Heinz, H. C. Song, and A. K. Chaudhuri, Phys. Rev. C, 73:034904 (2006)
[12]	H. C. Song and U. Heinz, Phys. Rev. C, 77:064901 (2008)
[13]	B. Schenke, S. Jeon, and C.Gale, Phys. Rev. C, 82:014903 (2010)
[14]	A. Monnai and T. Hirano, Nucl. Phys. A, 847:283 (2010)
[15]	P. Romatschke, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 19:1 (2010)
[16]	H. C. Song, S. A. Bass, U. Heinz, T. Hirano, and C. Shen, Phys. Rev. Lett., 106:192301 (2011)
[17]	P. Huovinen, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 22:1330029 (2013)
[18]	C. Gale, S. Jeon, and B. Schenke, Int. J. of Mod. Phys. A, 28:1340011 (2013)
[19]	S. Jeon and U. Heinz, arXiv:1503.03931
[20]	R. Derradi de Souza, T. Koide, T. Kodama, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys., 86:35 (2016); arXiv:1506.03863
[21]	M. Gyulassy, Structure and Dynamics of Elementary Matter (Dordrecht:Kluwer, 2004), p. 159
[22]	P. Huovinen, Quark Gluon Plasma 3 (Singapore:World Scientific, 2004), p. 600; P. F. Kolb and U. Heinz, ibid, p. 634
[23]	M. Gyulassy and L. McLerran, Nucl. Phys. A, 750:30 (2005)
[24]	E. V. Shuryak, Nucl. Phys. A, 750:64 (2005)
[25]	B. Muller and J. L. Nagle, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci., 56:93 (2006)
[26]	A. K. Chaudhuri, Phys. Rev. C, 74:044904 (2006)
[27]	A. Muronga, Phys. Rev. C, 76:014909; ibid 014910 (2007)
[28]	P. Romatschke and U. Romatschke, Phys. Rev. Lett., 99:172301 (2007)
[29]	K. Dusling and D. Teaney, Phys. Rev. C, 77:034905 (2008)
[30]	M. Luzum and P. Romatschke, Phys. Rev. C, 78:034915 (2008)[Erratum, ibid 79:039903](2009)
[31]	M. Luzum and P. Romatschke, Phys. Rev. Lett., 103:262302 (2009)
[32]	S. Pratt and J. Vredevoogd, Phys. Rev. C, 78:054906 (2008)
[33]	S. Pratt, Phys. Rev. Lett., 102:232301 (2009)
[34]	A. Monnai and T. Hirano, Phys. Rev. C, 80:054906 (2009)
[35]	H. C. Song and U. Heinz, Phys. Rev. C, 81:024905 (2010)
[36]	P. Bożek, Phys. Rev. C, 83:044910 (2011)
[37]	P. Bożek and I. Wyskiel-Piekarska, Phys. Rev. C, 85:064915 (2012)
[38]	C. Shen, U. Heinz, P. Huovinen, and H. C. Song, Phys. Rev. C, 82:054904 (2010)
[39]	B. Schenke, S. Jeon, and C. Gale, Phys. Rev. Lett., 106:042301 (2011)
[40]	H. Song, S. A. Bass, U. Heinz, T. Hirano, C. Shen, Phys. Rev. C, 83:054910 (2011)
[41]	V. Roy and A. K. Chaudhuri, Phys. Rev. C, 85:024909 (2012)
[42]	K. Dusling and T. Schfer, Phys. Rev. C, 85:044909 (2012)
[43]	A. K. Chaudhuri, Advances in High Energy Physics, 2013:693180 (2013)
[44]	G. Vujanovic, C. Young, B. Schenke et al, Phys. Rev. C, 89:034904 (2014)
[45]	U. Heinz and R. Snellings, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci., 63:123 (2013)
[46]	M. Ruggieri, F. Scardina, S. Plumari, and V. Greco, Phys. Rev. C, 89:054914 (2014)
[47]	H. Song, S. A. Bass, and U. Heinz, Phys. Rev. C, 83:054912 (2011)
[48]	C. Shen, U. Heinz, P. Huovinen, and H. Song, Phys. Rev. C, 84:044903 (2011)
[49]	B. Schenke, S. Jeon, C. Galeb, Phys. Lett. B, 702:59 (2011)
[50]	C. Shen and U. Heinz, Phys. Rev. C, 85:054902 (2012)
[51]	R. A. Soltz, I. Garishvili, M. Cheng et al, Phys. Rev. C, 87:044901 (2013)
[52]	Iu. A. Karpenko, P. Huovinen, H. Petersen, and M. Bleicher, Phys. Rev. C, 91:064901 (2015)
[53]	J. Yang, Y. Y. Ren, and W. N. Zhang, Advances in High Energy Physics, 2015:846154 (2015)
[54]	J. Yang, Y. Y. Ren, and W. N. Zhang, in Proceeding of the Xth Workshop on Particle Correlations and Femtoscopy (WPCF14) (Gyngys, Hungary on Aug. 2014), arXiv:1501.03651
[55]	W. N. Zhang, M. J. Efaaf, and C. Y. Wong, Phys. Rev. C, 70:024903 (2004)
[56]	W. N. Zhang, Y. Y. Ren, and C. Y. Wong, Phys. Rev. C, 74:024908 (2006)
[57]	W. N. Zhang, Z. T. Yang, and Y. Y. Ren, Phys. Rev. C, 80:044908 (2009)
[58]	W. N. Zhang, H. J. Yin, and Y. Y. Ren, Chin. Phys. Lett., 28:122501 (2011)
[59]	W. N. Zhang, in Proceedings of the 7th Workshop on Particle Correlations and Femtoscope (WPCF'11), Pos no. 051, (Tokyo, Japan, Sep. 2011), arXiv:1202.6560
[60]	L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, in Fluid Mechanics (Pergamon:Oxford, 1963)
[61]	I. Mller, Z. Phys., 198:329 (1967); W. Israel, Ann. Phys., 100:310 (1976); J. M. Stewart, Proc. Roy. Soc. A, 357:59 (1977); W. Israel and J. M. Stewart, Ann. Phys., 118:341 (1979)
[62]	D. H. Rischke, S. Bernard, and J. A. Maruhn, Nucl. Phys. A, 595:346 (1995); D. H. Rischke and M. Gyulassy, Nucl. Phys. A, 608:479 (1996)
[63]	W. N. Zhang, M. J. Efaaf, C. Y. Wong, and M. Khaliliasr, Chin. Phys. Lett., 10:1918 (2004); M. J. Efaaf, W. N. Zhang, M. Khaliliasr, E. P. Jin, and Y. M. Liu, High Energy Phys. Nucl. Phys., 29:46 (2005); M. J. Efaaf, W. N. Zhang, M. Khaliliasr, L. Huo, E. P. Jin, and J. B. Zhang, High Energy Phys. Nucl. Phys., 29:467 (2005)
[64]	Y. Hu, W. N. Zhang, and Y. Y. Ren, J. Phys. G, 42:045106 (2015)
[65]	P. Kovtun, D. T. Son, and A. O. Starinets, Phys. Rev. Lett., 94:111601 (2005).
[66]	A. Buchel, Phys. Lett. B, 663:286 (2008)
[67]	F. Cooper and G. Frye, Phys. Rev. D, 10:186 (1974)
[68]	C. Adler et al (STAR Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett., 87:082301 (2001)
[69]	K. Adcox et al (PHENIX Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett., 88:192302 (2002)
[70]	S. S. Adler et al. (PHENIX Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett., 93:152302 (2004)
[71]	J. Adams et al (STAR Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C, 71:044906 (2005)
[72]	G. Bertsch, M. Gong, and M. Tohyama, Phys. Rev. C, 37:1896 (1988); G. Bertsch, Nucl. Phys. A, 498:173c (1989)
[73]	S. Pratt, T. Csrgo, and J. Zimnyi, Phys. Rev. C, 42:2646 (1990)
[74]	E. Witten, Phys. Rev. D, 30:272 (1984)
[75]	L. P. Csernai, J. I. Kapusta, Phys. Rev. D, 46:1379 (1992); Phys. Rev. Lett. 69:737 (1992)
[76]	R. Venugopalan and A. P. Vischer, Phys. Rev. E, 49:5849 (1994)
[77]	J. Randrup, Phys. Rev. Lett., 92:122301 (2004)
[78]	Y. Y. Ren, W. N. Zhang, J. L. Liu, Phys. Lett. B, 669:317 (2008)
[79]	Z. T. Yang, W. N. Zhang, L. Huo, J. B. Zhang, J. Phys. G, 39:015113 (2009)
[80]	G. Torrieri, B. Tomvik, I. Mishustin, Phys. Rev. C, 77:034903 (2008)
[81]	J. Takahashi, B. M. Tavares, W. L. Qian et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 103:242301 (2009)
[82]	K. Werner, Iu. Karpenko, T. Pierog, M. Bleicher, and K. Mikhailov, Phys. Rev. C, 82:044904 (2010)
[83]	B. Schenke, S. Jeon, C. Gale, Phys. Rev. Lett., 106:042301 (2011)
[84]	A. Adare, M. Luzum, H. Petersen, Phys. Scripta, 87:048001 (2013); arXiv:1212.5388[nucl-th]
[85]	S. Voloshin and Y. Zhang, Z. Phys. C, 70:665 (1996)
[86]	A. M. Poskanzer and S. A. Voloshin, Phys. Rev. C, 58:1671 (1998)
[87]	S. S. Adler et al (PHENIX Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C, 69:034909 (2004)
[88]	J. Adams et al (STAR Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett., 92:112301 (2004)
[89]	B. Abelev et al (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C, 88:044910 (2013)
[90]	J. Adams et al (STAR Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C, 72, 014904 (2005)
[91]	R. Snellings (for ALICE Collaboration), J. Phys. G, 38:124013 (2011); M. Krzewicki (for ALICE Collaboration), J. Phys. G, 38:124047 (2011)
[92]	F. Noferini et al (ALICE Collaboration), Nucl. Phys. A, 904:483c (2013)
[93]	J. Yang and W. N. Zhang, Nucl. Sci. Tech., 27:147 (2016)
[94]	M. Gyulassy, S. K. Kauffmann, and Lance W. Wilson, Phys. Rev. C, 20:2267 (1979)
[95]	S. Pratt, Phys. Rev. D, 33:72 (1986)
[96]	Y. M. Liu, D. Beavis, S. Y. Chu et al, Phys. Rev. C, 34:1667 (1986)
[97]	M. A. Lisa, S. Pratt, R. Soltz, and U. Wiedemann, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci., 55:357 (2005)
[98]	L. I. Schiff, Quantum Mechanics (New York:McGRAW-HILL Book Company, 1955), Sec. 21
[99]	J. Adam et al (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C, 93:024905 (2016)
[100]	S. Chapman, P. Scotto, and U. Heinz, Phys. Rev. Lett., 74:4400 (1995)
[101]	S. Chapman, R. Nix, and U. Heinz, Phys. Rev. C, 52:2694 (1995)
[102]	M. A. Lisa et al (E895 Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett., 84:2798 (2000)
[103]	M. A. Lisa et al (E895 Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B, 496:1 (2000)
[104]	U. A. Wienemann and U. Heinz, Phys. Rep., 319:145 (1999)
[105]	C. Y. Wong, Introduction to High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions (Singapore:World Scientific, 1994), Chap. 17
[106]	R. M. Weiner, Phys. Rep., 327:249 (2000)
[107]	M. Herrmann and G. F. Bertsch, Phys. Rev. C, 51:328 (1995)
[108]	H. J. Yin, J. Yang, W. N. Zhang, and L. L. Yu, Phys. Rev. C, 86:024914 (2012)

[1]	Luyao Tong , Pengcheng Li , Fupeng Li , Yongjia Wang , Qingfeng Li , Fanxin Liu . Nucleon effective mass splitting and density-dependent symmetry energy effects on elliptic flow in heavy ion collisions at E_lab= 0.09 ~ 1.5 GeV/nucleon. Chinese Physics C, 2020, 44(7): 074103. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/44/7/074103
[2]	Biao Tu , Shusu Shi , Feng Liu . Elliptic flow of transported and produced protons in Au+Au collisions with the UrQMD model. Chinese Physics C, 2019, 43(5): 054106. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/43/5/054106
[3]	Li Yan . A flow paradigm in heavy-ion collisions. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(4): 042001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/4/042001
[4]	Jiamin Chen , Xiaofeng Luo , Feng Liu , Yasushi Nara . Effects of mean-field and softening of equation of state on elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions at √s_NN=5 GeV from the JAM model. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(2): 024001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/2/024001
[5]	Ze-Fang Jiang , C. B. Yang , Chi Ding , Xiang-Yu Wu . Pseudo-rapidity distribution from a perturbative solution of viscous hydrodynamics for heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(12): 123103. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/12/123103
[6]	Kai Xiao , Feng Liu , Fu-Qiang Wang . Eccentricity fluctuations are not the only source of elliptic flow fluctuations in a multiphase transport model. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(9): 094103. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/9/094103
[7]	A-Meng Zhao , Yuan-Mei Shi , Jian-Feng Li , Hong-Shi Zong . QCD equation of state for heavy ion collisions. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(10): 103101. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/10/103101
[8]	ZHANG Zheng-Qiao , ZHANG Song , MA Yu-Gang . Simulation of energy scan of pion interferometry in central Au+Au collisions at relativistic energies. Chinese Physics C, 2014, 38(1): 014102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/38/1/014102
[9]	YAN Ting-Zhi . Energy dependence for directed and elliptic flow in in termediate-energy heavy ion collisions. Chinese Physics C, 2013, 37(1): 014105. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/37/1/014105
[10]	YIN Hong-Jie , ZHANG Wei-Ning . Interferometry imaging for the evolving source in heavy ion collisions at HIRFL-CSR energy. Chinese Physics C, 2012, 36(3): 216-221. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/005
[11]	Efaaf M , SU Zhong-Qian , ZHANG Wei-Ning . Two-pion interferometry for viscous hydrodynamic sources. Chinese Physics C, 2012, 36(5): 410-422. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/5/006
[12]	PENG Ru , YANG Chun-Bin . π-J/ψ correlation and elliptic flow parameter v₂ of charmed mesons at RHIC energy. Chinese Physics C, 2011, 35(5): 453-458. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/35/5/009
[13]	LIU Fu-Ming , Tetsufumi Hirano , Klaus Werner , ZHU Yan . Elliptic flow of direct photons in Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV. Chinese Physics C, 2010, 34(9): 1433-1435. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/34/9/063
[14]	LIU Jian-Li , WU Feng-Juan , ZHANG Jing-Bo , TANG Gui-Xin , HUO Lei . Effects of multi-collisions and surface on elliptic flow. Chinese Physics C, 2008, 32(S2): 21-23.
[15]	WU Feng-Juan , SHAN Lian-Qiang , ZHANG Jing-Bo , TANG Gui-Xin , HUO Lei . Azimuthal correlations between directed and elliptic flow in heavy ion collisions. Chinese Physics C, 2008, 32(12): 984-988. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/32/12/008
[16]	LI Jian-Wei , YU Li-Li , ZHANG Wei-Ning . Two-pion interferometry for a partially coherent evolution source. Chinese Physics C, 2008, 32(2): 120-125. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/32/2/009
[17]	YU Li-Li , ZHANG Wei-Ning , HUO Lei , ZHANG Jing-Bo , . Two-pion interferometry in heavy ion collisions at HIRFL-CSR energy. Chinese Physics C, 2008, 32(11): 897-902. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/32/11/010
[18]	Huo Lei , Zhang Weining , Wang Shan , Liu Yiming , D. Keane , S. Y. Chu , S. Y. Fung . Absorption Correlation in Pion Interferometry Analyses. Chinese Physics C, 1994, 18(S2): 185-192.
[19]	Liu Yiming , Huo Lei , Jiang Yuzhen , Wang Shan , D. Keane , S. Y. Fung , S. Y. Chu . Source Density Distribution and Intensity Interferometry in High-energy Heavy-ion Collisions. Chinese Physics C, 1991, 15(S1): 33-41.
[20]	Liu Yiming , Zhang Weining , Wang Shan , Jiang Yuzhen , D. Keane , S. Y. Fung , S. Y. Chu . Two-pion Interferometry for Multi-pion Events in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions. Chinese Physics C, 1990, 14(S3): 281-289.

Access

Get Citation

Jing Yang, Wei-Ning Zhang and Yan-Yu Ren. Pion transverse-momentum spectrum, elliptic flow, and Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry in a viscous granular source model[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(8): 084102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/8/084102

RIS(for EndNote,Reference Manager,ProCite)

BibTex

Txt

Milestone

Received: 2017-02-23

Fund

Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11675034,11275037)

Article Metric

Article Views(1519)
PDF Downloads(57)
Cited by(0)

Policy on re-use

To reuse of subscription content published by CPC, the users need to request permission from CPC, unless the content was published under an Open Access license which automatically permits that type of reuse.

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Pion transverse-momentum spectrum, elliptic flow, and Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry in a viscous granular source model

Abstract：

References

Access

Article Metrics

Metrics

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Email This Article

Pion transverse-momentum spectrum, elliptic flow, and Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry in a viscous granular source model

Corresponding author: Wei-Ning Zhang,

HTML

目录